Web Survey Bibliography
Relevance & research question:
As ownership and use of smartphones grows, we need to adapt survey design to enable people to complete questionnaires on their chosen device, without impacting negatively on respondent experience or data quality.
Previous research highlights issues with grid questions on smartphones (e.g. McClain & Crawford, 2013). The ‘traditional’ grid format can appear cluttered on a smartphone screen, and this in turn can cause respondent burden and risks miscoding responses and higher drop out rates.
In this paper we consider alternatives to traditional grid formats and present experimental data to show the relationship between grid format and data quality.
Methods & data:
We present the results of an experiment comparing traditional grids with three alternatives: item by item scrolling, item by item paging and dynamic grids.
The experiment was run on the Kantar TNS online omnibus. The achieved sample size for each format was c. 1,200, including c. 250 respondents completing on a smartphone in each cell.
Alongside this experiment we have conducted usability testing with respondents to provide qualitative feedback on ease of use and perceptions of different grid formats.
Results:
We compared results from the formats over a number of analysis dimensions, including substantive responses, missing response levels, ‘Don’t know’ rates, question timings, flatlining, and respondent assessments. Results are also compared across device types and screen dimensions.
The results were broadly similar over the four formats, suggesting that for this sample/questionnaire the format did not substantially affect responses. However, there were differences in relation to question timings and missing response levels, with dynamic grids performing positively.
In the usability testing respondents found the dynamic grids to be engaging and intuitive, with many expressing a preference for this format.
Added value:
As social studies increasingly move online we need to ensure that questionnaires are optimised for mobile devices. This paper adds important evidence to one of the challenges associated with this shift: how to deal with grids. Through our experiment and usability testing we assess the pros and cons of alternative formats, including an interactive dynamic grids approach, and consider implications for adapting existing surveys.
Web survey bibliography - Mobile phone surveys (305)
- Measuring Subjective Health and Life Satisfaction with U.S. Hispanics; 2017; Lee, S.; Davis, R.
- Device and Internet Use among Spanish-dominant Hispanics: Implications for Web Survey Design and Testing...; 2017; Trejo, Y. A. G.; Schoua-Glusberg, A.
- How to Design a Web Survey Using Spring Boot With MYSQL: a Romanien Network Case Study; 2017; Bucea-Manea-Tonis, Ro.; Bucea-Manea-Tonis, Ra.
- Analyzing Survey Characteristics, Participation, and Evaluation Across 186 Surveys in an Online Opt-...; 2017; Revilla, M.
- Data chunking for mobile web: effects on data quality; 2017; Lugtig, P. J.; Toepoel, V.
- Mobile-only web survey respondents; 2016; Lugtig, P. J.; Toepoel, V.; Amin, A.
- Development and Pilot Test of a Mobile Application for Field Data Collection; 2016; Chiappetta, L.; Kerr, M. M.
- Are Initial Respondents Different from the Nonresponse Follow-Up Cases? A Study of Probability-Based...; 2016; Zeng, W.; Dennis, J. M.
- A Feasibility Study of Recruiting and Maintaining a Web Panel of People with Disabilities; 2016; Chandler, J.
- Why Do Web Surveys Take Longer on Smartphones?; 2016; Couper, M. P.; J. J.Peterson, G. J.
- Web surveys for offline rural communities ; 2016; Gichohi, B. W.
- Pre-Survey Text Messages (SMS) Improve Participation Rate in an Australian Mobile Telephone Survey:...; 2016; Dal Grande, E.; Chittleborough, C. R.; Campostrini, S.; Dollard, M.; Taylor, A. W.
- Short and Sweet? Length and Informative Content of Open-Ended Responses Using SMS as a Research Mode; 2016; Walsh, E.; Brinker, J. K.
- Collecting Data from mHealth Users via SMS Surveys: A Case Study in Kenya; 2016; Johnson, D.
- Online Surveys are Mixed-Device Surveys. Issues Associated with the Use of Different (Mobile) Devices...; 2016; Toepoel, V.; Lugtig, P. J.
- Using Mobile Phones for High-Frequency Data Collection; 2015; Azevedo, J. P.; Ballivian, A.; Durbin, W.
- Who Are the Internet Users, Mobile Internet Users, and Mobile-Mostly Internet Users?: Demographic Differences...; 2015; Antoun, C.
- Mobile Research Methods: Opportunities and challenges of mobile research methodologies. ; 2015; Toninelli, D. (Ed.); Pinter, R.; de Pedraza, P.
- Web Surveys Optimized for Smartphones: Are there Differences Between Computer and Smartphone Users?; 2015; Andreadis, I.
- Usability of the ACS Internet Instrument on Mobile Devices; 2015; Horwitz, R.
- GreenBook Research Industry Trends Report; 2015; Murphy, L. (Ed.)
- Emerging Technologies: The Rise of Mobile Devices: From Smartphones to Smart Surveys; 2015; Buskirk, T. D.
- PayPal? An Incentive to Check-out?; 2015; Franklin, J.; Rasmussen, C.; Pruitt, J.; Waller, D.
- Designing Bonsai Surveys: The small but perfectly formed survey experience to meet the needs of the...; 2015; Puleston, J.
- Open narrative questions in PC and smartphones: is the device playing a role?; 2015; Revilla, M.; Ochoa, C.
- Recruiting Respondents for a Mobile Phone Panel: The Impact of Recruitment Question Wording on Cooperation...; 2015; Busse, B.; Fuchs, M.
- Internet Research in Psychology; 2015; Gosling, S. D., Mason, W.
- Are Tailored Outreach Efforts Too Costly? An Assessment of a Responsive Design Approach to Control Costs...; 2015; Epps, S. R.; Getman, D. P.; Hall, L. M.; Hunter, J. A.
- Evaluating Visual Design Elements for Data Collection and Panelist Engagement; 2015; Christian, L. M.; Harm, D.; Langer Tesfaye, C.; Wells, T.
- Does the use of mobile devices (tablets and smartphones) affect survey quality and choice behaviour...; 2015; Liebe, U., Glenk, K., Oehlmann, M., Meyerhoff, J.
- When it comes to mobile respondent experience and data quality, survey design matters; 2014; Mitchell, N.
- The Changing Landscape of Technology and its Effect on Online Survey Data Collection; 2014; Mitchell, N.
- The need of and the demand for completing surveys on mobile devices; 2014; Toninelli, D., Revilla, M., Ochoa, C.
- Survey participation via mobile devices in a probability-based online-panel: Prevalence, determinants...; 2014; Poggio, T., Bosnjak, M., Weyandt, K.
- Keeping Surveys Valid, Reliable, and Useful: A Tutorial; 2014; Greenberg, M. R., Weiner, M. D.
- Improving Response Rates and Questionnaire Design for Mobile Web Surveys; 2014; de Bruijne, M., Wijnant, A.
- Does Survey Mode Still Matter? Findings from a 2010 Multi-Mode Comparison; 2014; Ansolabehere, S., Schaffner, B. F.
- Nonresponse and Mode Effects in Self- and Interviewer-Administered Surveys; 2014; Atkeson, L. R.; Adams, A. N.; Alvarez, M. R.
- Do Web surveys facilitate reporting less favourable opinions about law enforcement?; 2014; Boivin, R., Cordeau, G.
- Question Grouping and Matrices in Web Surveys: Using Response and Auxiliary Data to Examine Question...; 2014; Bilgen, I., Stern, M. J.
- The Grouping of Items in Mobile Web Surveys; 2014; Mavletova, A. M., Couper, M. P.
- Moving answers with the GyroScale: Using the mobile device’s gyroscope for market research purposes...; 2014; Luetters, H., Kraus, M., Westphal, D.
- Students First Choice – the influence of mobile mode on results; 2014; Maxl, E.
- Device Effects: How different screen sizes affect answer quality in online questionnaires; 2014; Fischer, B., Bernet, F.
- Moving towards mobile ready web panels; 2014; Wijnant, A., de Bruijne, M.
- Online mobile surveys in Italy: coverage and other methodological challenges; 2014; Poggio, T.
- Comparison of Three Modes for a Crime Victimization Survey; 2013; Laaksonen, S., Heiskanen, M.
- Understanding Society Innovation Panel Wave 5: results from methodological experiments; 2013; Auspurg, K., Burton, J., Cullinane, C., Delavande, A., Fumagalli, L., Iacovou, M., Jaeckle, A., Kaminska...
- A Comparison of Results from a Spanish and English Mail Survey: Effects of Instruction Placement on...; 2013; Wang, K., Sha, M.
- Intra-individual variation of extreme response style in mixed-mode panel studies; 2013; Aichholzer, J.